HUMAN NEEDS

Fact about Human Needs
• Human Needs are things that must be completed by people.
• When people do not get their needs, their life is not reasonable.
• Needs are more important than want.
• Needs are unlimited.
• There are two important things related to the needs:


There are two important things related to the needs:
░ Need reflects the feeling of lack within the human beings that needs to be fulfilled.

░ Needs is a basic instinct and it is absolutely needed by human beings to survive.


Three factors of the differences of Needs :
♪ Nature Situation
♪ Human Cultural and
♪ Religion


Needs are also defined according to the :

A. Utility intensity
☺ Primer
☺ Seconder
☺ Tertiary

B. Time of Compliance
☺ Present
☺ Future

C. Subject
☺ Personal/Individual
☺ Social/Collective

D. Nature
☺ Physical
☺ Spiritual

E. Form
☺ Goods
☺ Services


A.
• Primary Need is the most essential need to be fulfilled.

• Secondary Need is a need that is fulfilled after the primary need have been fulfilled.

• Tertiary Need is a need that is fulfilled after Primary and Secondary Need have been fulfilled. It can be Primary Need for some people.

B.
• Present Need is a need that must be completed now and can’t be delayed.
◘ Mr. Budi is sick, so he must go to the doctor.

• Future Need is a need for future fulfillment.
◘ Mr. Budi save his money in the bank for his children’s education.

C.
• Personal Need is a need for each person. It’s different from person to person.
◘ Comedian’s need is different from a police’s

• Collective Need is a need that is use together by a community.
◘ Railway
◘ Bus
◘ Mousque

D.
• Physical Need is a need for our body. It’s satisfied by goods.
Example :
☻ Food
☻ Drink
☻ Car

• Spiritual Need is a need that satisfied by abstract thing.
Example :
☻ Recreation
☻ Religion
☻ Education


Goods to Satisfy Human Needs

The Meaning of Goods to Satisfy Human Needs
• Are things that used by people to satisfy the Human Needs.


Types of Means of Satisfying Need

• The numerous means of satisfying need can be classified into :

♪ Way to Obtain
♪ Utility
♪ Production Process
♪ Its Relation to Other Goods


• Way to Obtain
¤ Economic Goods (Limited in number)
¤ Free Goods (Provided by nature in plentiful amount)

• Based on the Utility
¤ Consumptive Goods (Can be utilized/Ready made goods)
¤ Productive Goods (used in production process/Assets)

• Production Process
¤ Raw Material (Has not been processed)
¤ Half Made Goods (Have been processed but unready for use)
¤ Ready Made Goods (Ready for use)

• Its relation to other goods
¤ Complementary Goods (it use together with other goods)
¤ Substitute Goods (example: rice – corn, bus – train, etc

ASAL USUL GERBANG MAJAPAHIT DI PATI

Pada tahun 1479 Kerajaan Majapahit hancur karena adanya Kerajaan Demak (Raden Patah dan Wali Sanga). Pada tahun 1486, Pati yang merupakan Lereng gunung Muria, masih merupakan hutan belantara. Pada suatu hari, Sunan Muria pulang dari Sarasehan(pertemuan) di padepokan Sunan ngerang. Sesampainya di barat kota Pati, sekitar jam 3 sore atau waktu ashar, kebetulan di tepi hutan tadi terhalang sungai yang sedang banjir. Sunan Muria mau menyeberang, tetapi tak ada perahu.

Lalu beliau mengadakan sayembara, barang siapa yang bisa menyeberangkannya kalau laki-laki akan ia jadikan sebagai saudara sinorowedi (saudara sejati) kalau perempuan akan ia jadikan istri. Kebetulan di sebelah baratnya ada seorang wanita yang sedang menggembalakan kerbau bernama Dewi Sapsari puti Ki gedhe sebo Menggolo. Setelah mendengar sayembara tersebut, dewi Sapsari dengan menunggang kerbau menyeberang ke timur. Lalu ia menyeberangkan Sunan Muria. Sesampai di tepi sungai sebelah barat, Sunan Muria menepati janjinya. Ia lalu ingin bertemu orang tua dari Dewi Sapsari dan akan menyuntingnya sebagai istri. Lalu Sunan Muria menikahi Dewi Sapsari.
Sepeninggal beliau pulang ke padepokan Gunung Muria, Dewi Sapsari hamil. Lalu ia melahirkan seorang putra dan diberi nama Raden Bambang Kebo Nyabrang, sesuai pertemuannya dengan suaminya yaitu Sunan Muria. Setelah dewasa, anak itu menanyakan siapa sebenarnya ayahandanya itu kepada kakeknya. Lalu kakeknya berkata kalau ia masih memiliki keturunan dengan Sunan Muria yang ada di padepokan Gunung Muria.
Setelah mendengar hal tersebut, R. Bambang Kebo Nyabrang pergi berangkat ke Gunung Muria. Sesampainya di padepokan, ia bertemu dangan Sunan Muria. Tetapi Sunan Muria tidak mudah percaya dengan anak itu. Lalu Sunan Muria memerintah Raden Bambang Kebo Nyabrang untuk membawa Pintu Gerbang Majapahit ke hadapannya kalau ia mau diakui sebagai anak.
Lalu berangkatlah R. bambang Kebo Nyabrang ke Bajang Ratu yang merupakan bekas Kerajaan Majapahit. Yang sekarang menjadi Kota Trowulan Kabupaten Mojokerto Jawa Timur. Ia harus segera berangkat karena ia hanya diberi waktu 1x 24 jam.
Di lain tempat, yaitu di padepokan DSunan Ngerang, terdapat salah seorang muridnya yang bernama Raden Ronggo yang ingin menyunting putrid Sunan Ngerang, yang bernama Roro Pujiwat. Roro Pujiwat mau diperistri apabila Raden Ronggo bersedia memboyong Pintu Gerbang majapahit ke padepokan.
Lalu R. Ronggo pun berangkat ke bekas Kerajaan Majapahit. Tetapi, ia kecewa karena sesampainya di sana barang tersebut sudah tak ada (sudah diboyong oleh R. Kebo Nyabrang). Lalu Raden Ronggo segera mengejarnya kea rah barat. Ssampainya di barat kota Pati, R. Rongo masuk kawasan hutan. Disana ia melihat pohon Kenanga yang berbentuk mirip kurungan(sangkar). Kemudian ia menamai dukuh tersebut dengan nama Sekar Kurung. Lalu ia melanjutkan misinya untuk mengejar R. Kebo Nyabrang. Dan ia pun menemukan R. Kebo Nyabrang yang sedang istirahat. Pintu itu pun dimintanya. Tetapi tidak diberikan oleh R. Kebo Nyabrang. Akhgirnya timbul peperangan. Dalam peperangan tersebut,penyangga pintu tersebut tercecer sehingga tempat tersebut di beri nama “Njelawang” (Ganjel Lawang). Kemudian mereka menuju ke barat saat itu jam dua belas siang saat semua orang harus beristirahat dan melaksanakan sholat Dhuhur. Maka tempat tersebut diberi nama dukuh “Nduren” (samu barang kudu leren). Mereka bertarung selama 35 hari. Lalu Sunan Muria turun kea rah timur. Ia pun melihat dua orang bertarung dengan jelas. Dalam Bahasa Jawa, jelas diartikan “cetho welo-welo”, sehingga tempat tersebut diberi nama Dukuh Towelo/ Trowelo. Lalu Sunan Muria turun ke tempat kedua orang tersebut bertarung. Lalu beliau berkata “ Wis padha lerena sak kloron padha bandhole”. Lalu berhentilah kedua orang tersebut bertarung. Sehingga tempat tersebut hingga sekarang di namai dukuh “Rendhole” (sak kloron padha bandhole). Sunan Muria pun lalu mengakui R. Kebo Nyabrang menjadi anaknya. Dan beliau menyuruh anaknya tersebut untuk menjadi penjaga gerbang ini . Setelah Sunan Muria berkata “jaganen !!” (jagalah) maka ia pun langsung mninggal dan hilang nyawanya karena sebagai seorang penjaga harus tidak terlihat. Dan R. Ronggo diberi “katek “ oleh Sunan Muria untuk dibawa ke padepokan.
Tetapi sesampainya di sana Roro Pujiwat tidak menerimanya. Raden Ronggo pun marah dan mengejarnya hingga ke barat. Sesampinya di sungai Juwan Roro Pujiwat berhenti. R. Ronggo yang marah lalu melempar katek tersebut kearah Roro Pujiwat. Roro Pujiwat meninggal. Katek tersebut hilang seperti kilat. Sehingga sampai sekarang dinamai “Segelap”.

The answer is ...

1. b
2. b
   
3. c
4. e
5. c
6. d
7. d
8. b
9. d
10. b
11. d
12. e
13. c
14. d
15. d
16. e
17. a
18. e
19. e
20. c

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English Question

NYI RORO KIDUL
Once upon a time, there was a beautiful princess named Kadita. Because of her beauty she was called Dewi Srengenge. It means The Beautiful Sun. Her father was King Munding Wangi. Although he had a beautiful daughter, he was unhappy. It is because he always expected to have a son.
The King decided to marry Dewi Mutiara. He had a son from her. He was very happy. Dewi Mutiara wanted her son to become a king in the future. She asked the King to send his daughter away. However, the King did not agree. He would not let anyone hurt his daughter.
Dewi Mutiara called a black magician to curse Kadita. She wanted Kadita’s beautiful body was full of scabies and itch. When she woke up, she found her body full of ulcer. It also smell stinky. The beautiful princess cried. She did not know what to do.
When the King heard the news, he was very sad. No one could cure his daughter’s illness. The King did not want his daughter to be a rumour so he agreed to send his daughter away.
The poor princess went alone. She did not know where to go. She almost could not cry anymore. But, she had a noble heart. She did not have any bad feeling about her stepmother. She always prayed to God. She walked for almost seven days and seven nights. Then, she came to the South Ocean. The ocean was so clean and clear. She jumped into the water and swam.
Suddenly, there was a miracle. The ocean water cured her illness. The scabies and itch were gone. Even, she became more beautiful than before. Not only that, she also had a power to command the whole South Ocean. She became a fairy called Nyi Roro Kidul or The Queen of South Ocean.
QUESTION:

1. What is the kind of the text above?
a. Explanation text
b. Narrative text
c. Procedure text
d. Recount text
e. Descriptive text

2. The aim of the text is to . . .
a. Describe a specific person
b. Amuse the readers
c. Give a knowledge to the readers
d. Give information about past event
e. Tell a funny story

3. Why did The King Mundi Wangi send Princess Kadita away?
a. Because he wanted his son become a king
b. Because he felt repugnant to his daughter’s illness
c. Because he didn’t want her daughter to be an issue
d. Because he didn’t care with Princess Kadita anymore
e. Because he knew that no one could cure her daughter’s illness

4. Why did Princess Kadita’s illness cure?
a. Because she was a kind girl
b. Because a miracle
c. Because she prayed to God
d. Because she went to South Ocean
e. Because she swam at South Ocean

5. Where did the story happen?
a. Karimunjava Island
b. Tarumanegara Kingdom
c. Yogyakarta
d. Padjajaran Kingdom
e. West Java

6. Dewi Mutiara called a black magician ………(paragraph 3)
The underlined word can be replaced with . . .
a. Divine d. Witch
b. Wizard e. Shaman
c. Fairy

7. Who was the main character of this story?
a. The son of King Munding Wangi
b. King Munding Wangi
c. Princess Kadita’s stepmother
d. Dewi Mutiara’s stepdaughter
e. The black magician

8. The word “expected” (paragraph 1), has the same meaning with . . .
a. Assumed d. Would
b. Hope e. Requested
c. Believed

9. The following statements is true based on the story, except . . .
a. The King loved his daughter
b. Dewi Srengenge was a sobriquet to Dewi Mutiara’s stepdaughter
c. The Princess walked for a week
d. Dewi Mutiara called a witch to treat Princess Kadita
e. Princess Kadita’s illness were disappeared because of the water of South Ocean

10. Actually, who is Nyi Roro Kidul?
a. Dewi Mutiara’s daughter
b. King Munding Wangi’s daughter
c. The Queen of the Ocean
d. Dewi Srengenge
e. A fairy

11. It also smell stinky (paragraph 3).
The underlined word is the antonym of . . .
a. Rotten d. Fragrant
b. Low e. Vile smelly
c. Pyrrhic

12. Although he had a beautiful daughter, he was unhappy (paragraph 1).
The underlined word synonym with . . .
a. Delighted d. Glad
b. Contented e. Sad
c. Enliven

13. She asked the King to……..(paragraph 2).
“She” refers to . . .
a. Princess Kadita’s sister
b. Princess Kadita’s nephew
c. Princess Kadita’s stepmother
d. King Munding Wangi’s daughter
e. Nyi Roro Kidul

14. The first paragraph tells us about . . .
a. King Munding Wangi’s new wife
b. King Munding Wangi
c. King Munding Wangi’s disciple
d. Dewi Mutiara’s stepdaughter
e. Dewi Mutiara’s son

15. He would not let anyone hurt his daughter (paragraph 2).
The underlined word refers to . . .
a. King Munding Wangi
b. Dewi Mutiara
c. Dewi Mutiara’s son
d. Dewi Srengenge
e. King Munding Wangi’s wife

16. She wanted Kadita’s beautiful body was full of scabies and itch (paragraph 3).
The word that has the similarity meaning with scabies is . . .
a. Pimple d. Measles
b. Wart e. Skin rash
c. Fever

17. Dewi Mutiara called a black magician to wipe out Princess Kadita.
It shows that Dewi Mutiara is a . . . . person.
a. Cruel d. Respectable
b. Vanity e. Wicked
c. Braggart

18. According to the generic structure, which paragraph is the evaluation?
a. Paragraph 6 d. Paragraph 3
b. Paragraph 4 e. Paragraph 2
c. Paragraph 1

19. According to paragraph 2, who was to be a rumour?
a. King Munding Wangi
b. Dewi Mutiara’s son
c. Dewi Mutiara’s stepdaughter
d. King Munding Wangi’s daughter
e. No one

20. According to the story, which is the right moral value of the story?
a. Actually, Kadita was always misfortune
b. Dewi Mutiara must become a good person
c. People must satisfied with the God’s gift
d. People always get many problems in their life
e. Don’t send our daughter away
see the answer

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